July 13, 2026

The Civil War - military jargon

As I read various books, terms come up that I am unfamiliar with. These terms may or may not have meant the same as what I have dug up below, but this is a start anyway.

Field Army

50,000+ men commanded by a 4 star general. Comprised of 3 Corps during the civil war.

Corps

This sounded generic to me, but all these terms have specific meanings. A Corps consists of multiple divisions (maybe 2 to 7) and is commanded by a lieutenant general (3 stars). It may have as many as 100,000 men. Typically 26,000 men during the civil war.

Division

This has 3 to 4 brigades and is the primary deployable unit. It may have 10,000 to 20,000 men. (8000 men during the civil war). It is commanded by a major general (2 stars).

Brigade

A major tactical unit with 2000 to 5000 men. (2600 men during the civil war). Sometimes called a Regiment. It typically consists of 2-5 battalions and can operate independently. It is commanded by a brigadier general (1 star) or a colonel

Regiment

These days this is sort of a synonym for a Brigade. During the Civil war it was a unit with 800 soldiers commanded by a colonel

Battalion

A modern day unit. 100 to 1000 soldiers, commanded by a lieutenant colonel.

Company

60-200 soldiers, commanded by a captain (or major, or first lieutenant)

Platoon

A modern day unit. 18-50 soldiers (3-4 squads) commanded by a second lieutenant.

Squad

A modern day unit. 6-10 soldiers commanded by a sergeant.
Feedback? Questions? Drop me a line!

Civil war Info / tom@mmto.org